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2017 ; 11
(ä): 607
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Toward a Cognitive Neural Prosthesis Using Focused Ultrasound
#MMPMID29187808
Downs ME
; Teichert T
; Buch A
; Karakatsani ME
; Sierra C
; Chen S
; Konofagou EE
; Ferrera VP
Front Neurosci
2017[]; 11
(ä): 607
PMID29187808
show ga
Non-invasive brain stimulation using focused ultrasound has many potential
applications as a research and clinical tool, including its incorporation as
either an extracorporeal or implantable neural prosthetic. To this end, we
investigated the effect of focused ultrasound (FUS) combined with systemically
administered microbubbles on visual-motor decision-making behavior in monkeys. We
applied FUS to the putamen in one hemisphere to open the blood-brain barrier
(BBB), and then tested behavioral performance 3-4 h later. On days when the
monkeys were treated with FUS, their decisions were faster and more accurate than
days without sonication. The performance improvement suggested both a shift in
the decision criterion and an enhancement of the use of sensory evidence in the
decision process. FUS also interacted with the effect of a low dose of
haloperidol. The findings indicate that a two-minute application of FUS can have
a sustained impact on performance of complex cognitive tasks, and may increase
the efficacy of psychoactive medications. The results lend further support to the
idea that the dorsal striatum plays an integral role in evidence- and
reward-based decision-making, and provide motivation for incorporating FUS into
cognitive neural prosthetic devices.