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2015 ; 36
(12
): 1395-407
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Toll-like receptors: potential targets for lupus treatment
#MMPMID26592511
Wu YW
; Tang W
; Zuo JP
Acta Pharmacol Sin
2015[Dec]; 36
(12
): 1395-407
PMID26592511
show ga
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disease characterized
by the loss of tolerance to self-nuclear antigens. Accumulating evidence shows
that Toll-like receptors (TLRs), previously proven to be critical for host
defense, are implicated in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases by recognition
of self-molecules. Genome-wide association studies, experimental mouse models and
clinical sample studies have provided evidence for the involvement of TLRs,
including TLR2/4, TLR5, TLR3 and TLR7/8/9, in SLE pathogenesis. A number of
downstream proteins in the TLR signaling cascade (such as MyD88, IRAKs and IFN-?)
are identified as potential therapeutic targets for SLE treatment. Numerous
antagonists targeting TLR signaling, including oligonucleotides, small molecular
inhibitors and antibodies, are currently under preclinical studies or clinical
trials for SLE treatment. Moreover, the emerging new manipulation of TLR
signaling by microRNA (miRNA) regulation shows promise for the future treatment
of SLE.