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2016 ; 334
(ä): 20-9
Nephropedia Template TP
Hear Res
2016[Apr]; 334
(ä): 20-9
PMID26074307
show ga
Tinnitus, the phantom perception of sound, is physiologically characterized by an
increase in spontaneous neural activity in the central auditory system. However,
as tinnitus is often associated with hearing impairment, it is unclear how a
decrease of afferent drive can result in central hyperactivity. In this review,
we first assess methods for tinnitus induction and objective measures of the
tinnitus percept in animal models. From animal studies, we discuss evidence that
tinnitus originates in the cochlear nucleus (CN), and hypothesize mechanisms
whereby hyperactivity may develop in the CN after peripheral auditory nerve
damage. We elaborate how this process is likely mediated by plasticity of
auditory-somatosensory integration in the CN: the circuitry in normal
circumstances maintains a balance of auditory and somatosensory activities, and
loss of auditory inputs alters the balance of auditory somatosensory integration
in a stimulus timing dependent manner, which propels the circuit towards
hyperactivity. Understanding the mechanisms underlying tinnitus generation is
essential for its prevention and treatment. This article is part of a Special
Issue entitled .
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