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2016 ; 2016
(ä): 160008
Nephropedia Template TP
Tabasum A
; Khan I
; Taylor P
; Das G
; Okosieme OE
Endocrinol Diabetes Metab Case Rep
2016[]; 2016
(ä): 160008
PMID27284451
show ga
TSH receptor antibodies (TRAbs) are the pathological hallmark of Graves' disease,
present in nearly all patients with the disease. Euthyroid Graves' ophthalmopathy
(EGO) is a well-recognized clinical entity, but its occurrence in patients with
negative TRAbs is a potential source of diagnostic confusion. A 66-year-old
female presented to our endocrinology clinic with right eye pain and diplopia in
the absence of thyroid dysfunction. TRAbs were negative, as measured with a
highly sensitive third(-)generation thyrotropin-binding inhibitory immunoglobulin
(TBII) ELISA assay. CT and MRI scans of the orbit showed asymmetrical thickening
of the inferior rectus muscles but no other inflammatory or malignant orbital
pathology. Graves' ophthalmopathy (GO) was diagnosed on the basis of the clinical
and radiological features, and she underwent surgical recession of the inferior
rectus muscle with complete resolution of the diplopia and orbital pain. She
remained euthyroid over the course of follow-up but ultimately developed overt
clinical and biochemical hyperthyroidism, 24 months after the initial
presentation. By this time, she had developed positive TRAb as well as thyroid
peroxidase antibodies. She responded to treatment with thionamides and remains
euthyroid. This case highlights the potential for negative thyroid-specific
autoantibodies in the presentation of EGO and underscores the variable temporal
relationship between the clinical expression of thyroid dysfunction and orbital
disease in the natural evolution of Graves' disease. LEARNING POINTS: Euthyroid
Graves' ophthalmopathy can present initially with negative thyroid-specific
autoantibodies.Patients with suggestive symptoms of ophthalmopathy should be
carefully evaluated for GO with imaging studies even when thyroid function and
autoantibodies are normal.Patients with EGO can develop thyroid dysfunction
within 4 years of follow-up underpinning the need for long-term follow-up and
continued patient and physician vigilance in patients who have been treated for
EGO.