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2018 ; 8
(1
): 9415
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Three-photon tissue imaging using moxifloxacin
#MMPMID29925864
Lee S
; Lee JH
; Wang T
; Jang WH
; Yoon Y
; Kim B
; Jun YW
; Kim MJ
; Kim KH
Sci Rep
2018[Jun]; 8
(1
): 9415
PMID29925864
show ga
Moxifloxacin is an antibiotic used in clinics and has recently been used as a
clinically compatible cell-labeling agent for two-photon (2P) imaging. Although
2P imaging with moxifloxacin labeling visualized cells inside tissues using
enhanced fluorescence, the imaging depth was quite limited because of the
relatively short excitation wavelength (<800?nm) used. In this study, the
feasibility of three-photon (3P) excitation of moxifloxacin using a longer
excitation wavelength and moxifloxacin-based 3P imaging were tested to increase
the imaging depth. Moxifloxacin fluorescence via 3P excitation was detected at a
>1000?nm excitation wavelength. After obtaining the excitation and emission
spectra of moxifloxacin, moxifloxacin-based 3P imaging was applied to ex vivo
mouse bladder and ex vivo mouse small intestine tissues and compared with
moxifloxacin-based 2P imaging by switching the excitation wavelength of a
Ti:sapphire oscillator between near 1030 and 780?nm. Both moxifloxacin-based 2P
and 3P imaging visualized cellular structures in the tissues via moxifloxacin
labeling, but the image contrast was better with 3P imaging than with 2P imaging
at the same imaging depths. The imaging speed and imaging depth of
moxifloxacin-based 3P imaging using a Ti:sapphire oscillator were limited by
insufficient excitation power. Therefore, we constructed a new system for
moxifloxacin-based 3P imaging using a high-energy Yb fiber laser at 1030?nm and
used it for in vivo deep tissue imaging of a mouse small intestine.
Moxifloxacin-based 3P imaging could be useful for clinical applications with
enhanced imaging depth.
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