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2016 ; 7
(ä): 12049
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Thermodynamics of quantum systems with multiple conserved quantities
#MMPMID27384384
Guryanova Y
; Popescu S
; Short AJ
; Silva R
; Skrzypczyk P
Nat Commun
2016[Jul]; 7
(ä): 12049
PMID27384384
show ga
Recently, there has been much progress in understanding the thermodynamics of
quantum systems, even for small individual systems. Most of this work has focused
on the standard case where energy is the only conserved quantity. Here we
consider a generalization of this work to deal with multiple conserved
quantities. Each conserved quantity, which, importantly, need not commute with
the rest, can be extracted and stored in its own battery. Unlike the standard
case, in which the amount of extractable energy is constrained, here there is no
limit on how much of any individual conserved quantity can be extracted. However,
other conserved quantities must be supplied, and the second law constrains the
combination of extractable quantities and the trade-offs between them. We present
explicit protocols that allow us to perform arbitrarily good trade-offs and
extract arbitrarily good combinations of conserved quantities from individual
quantum systems.