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2016 ; 374
(2077
): ä Nephropedia Template TP
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The solar eclipse: a natural meteorological experiment
#MMPMID27550768
Harrison RG
; Hanna E
Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci
2016[Sep]; 374
(2077
): ä PMID27550768
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A solar eclipse provides a well-characterized reduction in solar radiation, of
calculable amount and duration. This captivating natural astronomical phenomenon
is ideally suited to science outreach activities, but the predictability of the
change in solar radiation also provides unusual conditions for assessing the
atmospheric response to a known stimulus. Modern automatic observing networks
used for weather forecasting and atmospheric research have dense spatial
coverage, so the quantitative meteorological responses to an eclipse can now be
evaluated with excellent space and time resolution. Numerical models representing
the atmosphere at high spatial resolution can also be used to predict
eclipse-related changes and interpret the observations. Combining the models with
measurements yields the elements of a controlled atmospheric experiment on a
regional scale (10-1000?km), which is almost impossible to achieve by other
means. This modern approach to 'eclipse meteorology' as identified here can
ultimately improve weather prediction models and be used to plan for transient
reductions in renewable electricity generation. During the 20 March 2015 eclipse,
UK electrical energy demand increased by about 3?GWh (11?TJ) or about 4%,
alongside reductions in the wind and photovoltaic electrical energy generation of
1.5?GWh (5.5?TJ).This article is part of the themed issue 'Atmospheric effects of
solar eclipses stimulated by the 2015 UK eclipse'.
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