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2016 ; 10
(5
): 733-40
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The role of bile salts in liver regeneration
#MMPMID27048617
van de Laarschot LF
; Jansen PL
; Schaap FG
; Olde Damink SW
Hepatol Int
2016[Sep]; 10
(5
): 733-40
PMID27048617
show ga
A growing body of evidence has demonstrated that bile salts are important for
liver regeneration following partial hepatectomy. The relative bile salt overload
after partial liver resection causes activation of bile salt receptors in
non-parenchymal (viz. the plasma membrane receptor TGR5) and parenchymal (viz.
the intracellular receptor FXR) cells in the liver, thus, providing signals to
the regenerative process. Impaired bile salt signaling in mice with genetic
deficiency of Tgr5 or Fxr results in delayed liver regeneration after partial
hepatectomy, and is accompanied by mortality in case of Fxr knock-out mice.
Conversely, compensatory liver re-growth in hepatectomized mice can be stimulated
by feeding of bile salts or alisol B 23-acetate, a natural triterpenoid agonist
of Fxr. A large number of animal studies underscore the importance of strict
maintenance of bile salt homeostasis for proper progression of liver
regeneration. Both ileal and hepatic Fxr play a key role in regulation of bile
salt homeostasis and, thus, preventing hepatotoxicity caused by excessive levels
of bile salts. They further contribute to liver regeneration by induction of
mitogenic factors. Agents that target bile salt receptors hold promise as drugs
to stimulate liver regeneration in selected patients.
|Animals
[MESH]
|Bile Acids and Salts/*metabolism
[MESH]
|Hepatectomy
[MESH]
|Humans
[MESH]
|Liver Regeneration/*physiology
[MESH]
|Mice
[MESH]
|Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear/metabolism
[MESH]