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2015 ; 112
(15
): 4523-30
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The renaissance of black phosphorus
#MMPMID25820173
Ling X
; Wang H
; Huang S
; Xia F
; Dresselhaus MS
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
2015[Apr]; 112
(15
): 4523-30
PMID25820173
show ga
One hundred years after its first successful synthesis in the bulk form in 1914,
black phosphorus (black P) was recently rediscovered from the perspective of a 2D
layered material, attracting tremendous interest from condensed matter
physicists, chemists, semiconductor device engineers, and material scientists.
Similar to graphite and transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), black P has a
layered structure but with a unique puckered single-layer geometry. Because the
direct electronic band gap of thin film black P can be varied from 0.3 eV to
around 2 eV, depending on its film thickness, and because of its high carrier
mobility and anisotropic in-plane properties, black P is promising for novel
applications in nanoelectronics and nanophotonics different from graphene and
TMDs. Black P as a nanomaterial has already attracted much attention from
researchers within the past year. Here, we offer our opinions on this emerging
material with the goal of motivating and inspiring fellow researchers in the 2D
materials community and the broad readership of PNAS to discuss and contribute to
this exciting new field. We also give our perspectives on future 2D and thin film
black P research directions, aiming to assist researchers coming from a variety
of disciplines who are desirous of working in this exciting research field.