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.jpg): Failed to open stream: No such file or directory in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 117 J+Physiol
2016 ; 594
(17
): 4827-36
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The regulatory niche of intestinal stem cells
#MMPMID27060879
Sailaja BS
; He XC
; Li L
J Physiol
2016[Sep]; 594
(17
): 4827-36
PMID27060879
show ga
The niche constitutes a unique category of cells that support the
microenvironment for the maintenance and self-renewal of stem cells. Intestinal
stem cells reside at the base of the crypt, which contains adjacent epithelial
cells, stromal cells and smooth muscle cells, and soluble and cell-associated
growth and differentiation factors. We summarize here recent advances in our
understanding of the crucial role of the niche in regulating stem cells. The stem
cell niche maintains a balance among quiescence, proliferation and regeneration
of intestinal stem cells after injury. Mesenchymal cells, Paneth cells, immune
cells, endothelial cells and neural cells are important regulatory components
that secrete niche ligands, growth factors and cytokines. Intestinal homeostasis
is regulated by niche signalling pathways, specifically Wnt, bone morphogenetic
protein, Notch and epidermal growth factor. These insights into the regulatory
stem cell niche during homeostasis and post-injury regeneration offer the
potential to accelerate development of therapies for intestine-related disorders.