The pathophysiology of intestinal lipoprotein production
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Giammanco A
; Cefalù AB
; Noto D
; Averna MR
Front Physiol
2015[]; 6
(?): 61
PMID25852563
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Intestinal lipoprotein production is a multistep process, essential for the
absorption of dietary fats and fat-soluble vitamins. Chylomicron assembly begins
in the endoplasmic reticulum with the formation of primordial, phospholipids-rich
particles that are then transported to the Golgi for secretion. Several classes
of transporters play a role in the selective uptake and/or export of lipids
through the villus enterocytes. Once secreted in the lymph stream,
triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRLs) are metabolized by Lipoprotein lipase
(LPL), which catalyzes the hydrolysis of triacylglycerols of very low density
lipoproteins (VLDLs) and chylomicrons, thereby delivering free fatty acids to
various tissues. Genetic mutations in the genes codifying for these proteins are
responsible of different inherited disorders affecting chylomicron metabolism.
This review focuses on the molecular pathways that modulate the uptake and the
transport of lipoproteins of intestinal origin and it will highlight recent
findings on TRLs assembly.
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