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2013 ; 37
(10 Pt 2
): 2887-99
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The kainic acid model of temporal lobe epilepsy
#MMPMID24184743
Lévesque M
; Avoli M
Neurosci Biobehav Rev
2013[Dec]; 37
(10 Pt 2
): 2887-99
PMID24184743
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The kainic acid model of temporal lobe epilepsy has greatly contributed to the
understanding of the molecular, cellular and pharmacological mechanisms
underlying epileptogenesis and ictogenesis. This model presents with
neuropathological and electroencephalographic features that are seen in patients
with temporal lobe epilepsy. It is also characterized by a latent period that
follows the initial precipitating injury (i.e., status epilepticus) until the
appearance of recurrent seizures, as observed in the human condition. Finally,
the kainic acid model can be reproduced in a variety of species using either
systemic, intrahippocampal or intra-amygdaloid administrations. In this review,
we describe the various methodological procedures and evaluate their differences
with respect to the behavioral, electroencephalographic and neuropathological
correlates. In addition, we compare the kainic acid model with other animal
models of temporal lobe epilepsy such as the pilocarpine and the kindling model.
We conclude that the kainic acid model is a reliable tool for understanding
temporal lobe epilepsy, provided that the differences existing between
methodological procedures are taken into account.
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