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2018 ; 373
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The integrated motivational-volitional model of suicidal behaviour
#MMPMID30012735
O'Connor RC
; Kirtley OJ
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci
2018[Sep]; 373
(1754
): ä PMID30012735
show ga
Suicide is a major public health concern accounting for 800 000 deaths globally
each year. Although there have been many advances in understanding suicide risk
in recent decades, our ability to predict suicide is no better now than it was 50
years ago. There are many potential explanations for this lack of progress, but
the absence, until recently, of comprehensive theoretical models that predict the
emergence of suicidal ideation distinct from the transition between suicidal
ideation and suicide attempts/suicide is key to this lack of progress. The
current article presents the integrated motivational-volitional (IMV) model of
suicidal behaviour, one such theoretical model. We propose that defeat and
entrapment drive the emergence of suicidal ideation and that a group of factors,
entitled volitional moderators (VMs), govern the transition from suicidal
ideation to suicidal behaviour. According to the IMV model, VMs include access to
the means of suicide, exposure to suicidal behaviour, capability for suicide
(fearlessness about death and increased physical pain tolerance), planning,
impulsivity, mental imagery and past suicidal behaviour. In this article, we
describe the theoretical origins of the IMV model, the key premises underpinning
the model, empirical tests of the model and future research directions.This
article is part of the theme issue 'Evolutionary thanatology: impacts of the dead
on the living in humans and other animals'.