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.jpg): Failed to open stream: No such file or directory in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 117 J+Autoimmun
2015 ; 64
(ä): 137-48
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The immunogenetics of Behçet s disease: A comprehensive review
#MMPMID26347074
Takeuchi M
; Kastner DL
; Remmers EF
J Autoimmun
2015[Nov]; 64
(ä): 137-48
PMID26347074
show ga
Behçet's disease is a chronic multisystem inflammatory disorder characterized
mainly by recurrent oral ulcers, ocular involvement, genital ulcers, and skin
lesions, presenting with remissions and exacerbations. It is thought that both
environmental and genetic factors contribute to its onset and development.
Although the etiology of Behçet's disease remains unclear, recent immunogenetic
findings are providing clues to its pathogenesis. In addition to the positive
association of HLA-B*51, which was identified more than four decades ago, and
which has since been confirmed in multiple populations, recent studies report
additional independent associations in the major histocompatibility complex class
I region. HLA-B*15, -B*27, -B*57, and -A*26 are independent risk factors for
Behçet's disease, while HLA-B*49 and -A*03 are independent class I alleles that
are protective for Behçet's disease. Genome-wide association studies have
identified associations with genome-wide significance (P < 5 × 10(-8)) in the
IL23R-IL12RB2, IL10, STAT4, CCR1-CCR3, KLRC4, ERAP1, TNFAIP3, and FUT2 loci. In
addition, targeted next-generation sequencing has revealed the involvement of
rare nonsynonymous variants of IL23R, TLR4, NOD2, and MEFV in Behçet's disease
pathogenesis. Significant differences in gene function or mRNA expression
associated with the risk alleles of the disease susceptibility loci suggest which
genes in a disease-associated locus influence disease pathogenesis. These genes
encompass both innate and adaptive immunity and confirm the importance of the
predominant polarization towards helper T cell (Th) 1 versus Th2 cells, and the
involvement of Th17 cells. In addition, epistasis observed between HLA-B*51 and
the risk coding haplotype of the endoplasmic reticulum-associated protease,
ERAP1, provides a clue that an HLA class I-peptide presentation-based mechanism
contributes to this complex disease.