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2018 ; 7
(1
): 10
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The hypoxic tumour microenvironment
#MMPMID29362402
Petrova V
; Annicchiarico-Petruzzelli M
; Melino G
; Amelio I
Oncogenesis
2018[Jan]; 7
(1
): 10
PMID29362402
show ga
Cancer progression often benefits from the selective conditions present in the
tumour microenvironment, such as the presence of cancer-associated fibroblasts
(CAFs), deregulated ECM deposition, expanded vascularisation and repression of
the immune response. Generation of a hypoxic environment and activation of its
main effector, hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1), are common features of
advanced cancers. In addition to the impact on tumour cell biology, the influence
that hypoxia exerts on the surrounding cells represents a critical step in the
tumorigenic process. Hypoxia indeed enables a number of events in the tumour
microenvironment that lead to the expansion of aggressive clones from
heterogeneous tumour cells and promote a lethal phenotype. In this article, we
review the most relevant findings describing the influence of hypoxia and the
contribution of HIF activation on the major components of the tumour
microenvironment, and we summarise their role in cancer development and
progression.
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