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2015 ; 3
(1-2
): e970465
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English Wikipedia
The human knee: A window on the microvasculature
#MMPMID25838977
Simkin PA
Tissue Barriers
2015[]; 3
(1-2
): e970465
PMID25838977
show ga
In synovial joints, the lining cells do not have tight junctions with their
neighboring cells and they have no underlying basement membrane. Therefore, the
synovial fluid within the articular cavity is continuous with the interstitial
fluid of the synovial intima. These features, combined with ready access to the
space via arthrocentesis, permit quantitative studies of microvascular function
in the knees of unanesthetized, volunteer, human subjects both with and without
chronic arthritis. This brief article reviews the principal findings of such work
over ?40 years at the University of Washington. Examined variables include
bidirectional fenestral diffusion of small solutes, effective blood flow,
lymphatic drainage, and endothelial pore size and permeability. The latter work
introduced a new method using gel filtration chromatography of paired synovial
fluid (SF) and serum (S) to obtain essentially continuous SF/S ratios over a
range of radii between 1 and 12 nanometers.