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2015 ; 1
(3
): 275-284
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The gut microbiota and liver disease
#MMPMID26090511
Llorente C
; Schnabl B
Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol
2015[May]; 1
(3
): 275-284
PMID26090511
show ga
The leaky gut hypothesis links translocating microbial products with the onset
and progression of liver disease, and for a long time was considered one of its
major contributors. However, a more detailed picture of the intestinal microbiota
contributing to liver disease started to evolve. The gut is colonized by
trillions of microbes that aid in digestion, modulate immune response, and
generate a variety of products that result from microbial metabolic activities.
These products together with host-bacteria interactions influence both normal
physiology and disease susceptibility. A disruption of the symbiosis between
microbiota and host is known as dysbiosis and can have profound effects on
health. Qualitative changes such as increased proportions of harmful bacteria and
reduced levels of beneficial bacteria, and also quantitative changes in the total
amount of bacteria (overgrowth) have been associated with liver disease.
Understanding the link between the pathophysiology of liver diseases and
compositional and functional changes of the microbiota will help in the design of
innovative therapies. In this review, we focus on factors resulting in dysbiosis,
and discuss how dysbiosis can disrupt intestinal homeostasis and contribute to
liver disease.
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