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2017 ; 6
(9
): 1052-1065
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The glucoregulatory actions of leptin
#MMPMID28951828
D'souza AM
; Neumann UH
; Glavas MM
; Kieffer TJ
Mol Metab
2017[Sep]; 6
(9
): 1052-1065
PMID28951828
show ga
BACKGROUND: The hormone leptin is an important regulator of metabolic
homeostasis, able to inhibit food intake and increase energy expenditure. Leptin
can also independently lower blood glucose levels, particularly in hyperglycemic
models of leptin or insulin deficiency. Despite significant efforts and relevance
to diabetes, the mechanisms by which leptin acts to regulate blood glucose levels
are not fully understood. SCOPE OF REVIEW: Here we assess literature relevant to
the glucose lowering effects of leptin. Leptin receptors are widely expressed in
multiple cell types, and we describe both peripheral and central effects of
leptin that may be involved in lowering blood glucose. In addition, we summarize
the potential clinical application of leptin in regulating glucose homeostasis.
MAJOR CONCLUSIONS: Leptin exerts a plethora of metabolic effects on various
tissues including suppressing production of glucagon and corticosterone,
increasing glucose uptake, and inhibiting hepatic glucose output. A more in-depth
understanding of the mechanisms of the glucose-lowering actions of leptin may
reveal new strategies to treat metabolic disorders.
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