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2016 ; 534
(7606
): 200-5
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The genetic history of Ice Age Europe
#MMPMID27135931
Fu Q
; Posth C
; Hajdinjak M
; Petr M
; Mallick S
; Fernandes D
; Furtwängler A
; Haak W
; Meyer M
; Mittnik A
; Nickel B
; Peltzer A
; Rohland N
; Slon V
; Talamo S
; Lazaridis I
; Lipson M
; Mathieson I
; Schiffels S
; Skoglund P
; Derevianko AP
; Drozdov N
; Slavinsky V
; Tsybankov A
; Cremonesi RG
; Mallegni F
; Gély B
; Vacca E
; Morales MR
; Straus LG
; Neugebauer-Maresch C
; Teschler-Nicola M
; Constantin S
; Moldovan OT
; Benazzi S
; Peresani M
; Coppola D
; Lari M
; Ricci S
; Ronchitelli A
; Valentin F
; Thevenet C
; Wehrberger K
; Grigorescu D
; Rougier H
; Crevecoeur I
; Flas D
; Semal P
; Mannino MA
; Cupillard C
; Bocherens H
; Conard NJ
; Harvati K
; Moiseyev V
; Drucker DG
; Svoboda J
; Richards MP
; Caramelli D
; Pinhasi R
; Kelso J
; Patterson N
; Krause J
; Pääbo S
; Reich D
Nature
2016[Jun]; 534
(7606
): 200-5
PMID27135931
show ga
Modern humans arrived in Europe ~45,000 years ago, but little is known about
their genetic composition before the start of farming ~8,500 years ago. Here we
analyse genome-wide data from 51 Eurasians from ~45,000-7,000 years ago. Over
this time, the proportion of Neanderthal DNA decreased from 3-6% to around 2%,
consistent with natural selection against Neanderthal variants in modern humans.
Whereas there is no evidence of the earliest modern humans in Europe contributing
to the genetic composition of present-day Europeans, all individuals between
~37,000 and ~14,000 years ago descended from a single founder population which
forms part of the ancestry of present-day Europeans. An ~35,000-year-old
individual from northwest Europe represents an early branch of this founder
population which was then displaced across a broad region, before reappearing in
southwest Europe at the height of the last Ice Age ~19,000 years ago. During the
major warming period after ~14,000 years ago, a genetic component related to
present-day Near Easterners became widespread in Europe. These results document
how population turnover and migration have been recurring themes of European
prehistory.
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