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2014 ; 58
(2-4
): 155-61
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The evolution of embryo implantation
#MMPMID25023681
McGowen MR
; Erez O
; Romero R
; Wildman DE
Int J Dev Biol
2014[]; 58
(2-4
): 155-61
PMID25023681
show ga
Embryo implantation varies widely in placental mammals. We review this variation
in mammals with a special focus on two features: the depth of implantation and
embryonic diapause. We discuss the two major types of implantation depth,
superficial and interstitial, and map this character on a well-resolved molecular
phylogenetic tree of placental mammals. We infer that relatively deep
interstitial implantation has independently evolved at least eight times within
placental mammals. Moreover, the superficial type of implantation represents the
ancestral state for placental mammals. In addition, we review the genes involved
in various phases of implantation, and suggest a future direction in
investigating the molecular evolution of implantation-related genes.