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2015 ; 17
(5
): 693-8
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The epididymis re-visited: a personal view
#MMPMID25851661
Bedford JM
Asian J Androl
2015[Sep]; 17
(5
): 693-8
PMID25851661
show ga
The sperm maturation and storage functions of the epididymis are important
determinants of ejaculate quality, and perhaps provide an avenue to male
contraception. In the last 50 years, the creation of epididymal fertility
profiles in laboratory animals was followed by recognition of new sperm
maturation-related parameters (organization of the acrosome, of the sperm
plasmalemma, and -S-S- -based structural change) which made it possible to
confirm that a similar pattern of sperm maturation obtains in man. The novel
sperm storage function of the cauda epididymidis in therian mammals is regulated
by androgen, usually in conjunction with the low temperature of the scrotum. The
temperature-dependence of the scrotal cauda is reflected in the secretory and ion
transport functions of the epithelium, in its duct dimensions and so in sperm
storage capacity. Moreover, a variety of indirect evidence suggests that an
elevated temperature of the cauda created by clothing may be compromising its
function in man. The pattern of change in the sperm plasmalemma involving
sterols, and also glycosylphosphatidylinositol-linked macromolecules as
spermatozoa enter the cauda region, may underlie the need for their capacitation
subsequently in the female tract. Further, in a variety of taxa the anatomy of
the scrotum, together with the U-shaped configuration of the epididymis/vas
deferens, suggests that the cauda's storage function may also underlie the
evolution of the scrotum. Finally, despite the still relative paucity of
comparative evidence, we can consider now why the epididymis has come to be
organized as it is.
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