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10.1016/j.plrev.2011.02.003 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1016/j.plrev.2011.02.003 C4477837!4477837 !21353651     free     free     free Warning: imagejpeg(C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\phplern\21353651 .jpg): Failed to open stream: No such file or directory in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 117       Phys+Life+Rev 2011 ; 8 (2 ): 129-60 Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=21353651 |t=2011. The emergence of modularity in biological systems |pdf=|usr=}}{{21353651 }} gab.com Text The emergence of modularity in biological systems JO: Phys Life Rev http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=21353651 #FOAvip In this review, we discuss modularity and hierarchy in biological systems. We review examples from protein structure, genetics, and biological networks of modular partitioning of the geometry of biological space. We review theories to explain modular organization of biology, with a focus on explaining how biology may spontaneously organize to a structured form. That is, we seek to explain how biology nucleated from among the many possibilities in chemistry. The emergence of modular organization of biological structure will be described as a symmetry-breaking phase transition, with modularity as the order parameter. Experimental support for this description will be reviewed. Examples will be presented from pathogen structure, metabolic networks, gene networks, and protein-protein interaction networks. Additional examples will be presented from ecological food networks, developmental pathways, physiology, and social networks. Twit Text FOAVip The emergence of modularity in biological systems ????Phys Life Rev http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=21353651 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=21353651 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|21353651 }}</ref> The emergence of modularity in biological systems #MMPMID21353651 Lorenz DM ; Jeng A ; Deem MW Phys Life Rev 2011[Jun]; 8 (2 ): 129-60 PMID21353651 show ga In this review, we discuss modularity and hierarchy in biological systems. We review examples from protein structure, genetics, and biological networks of modular partitioning of the geometry of biological space. We review theories to explain modular organization of biology, with a focus on explaining how biology may spontaneously organize to a structured form. That is, we seek to explain how biology nucleated from among the many possibilities in chemistry. The emergence of modular organization of biological structure will be described as a symmetry-breaking phase transition, with modularity as the order parameter. Experimental support for this description will be reviewed. Examples will be presented from pathogen structure, metabolic networks, gene networks, and protein-protein interaction networks. Additional examples will be presented from ecological food networks, developmental pathways, physiology, and social networks. |*Metabolic Networks and Pathways [MESH] |*Models, Biological [MESH] |Brain Mapping [MESH] |Gene Regulatory Networks [MESH] |Protein Interaction Mapping [MESH]The emergence of modularity in biological systems (epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing