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2015 ; 11
(10
): 610-25
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The effects of environmental chemicals on renal function
#MMPMID26100504
Kataria A
; Trasande L
; Trachtman H
Nat Rev Nephrol
2015[Oct]; 11
(10
): 610-25
PMID26100504
show ga
The global incidence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is increasing among
individuals of all ages. Despite advances in proteomics, genomics and
metabolomics, there remains a lack of safe and effective drugs to reverse or
stabilize renal function in patients with glomerular or tubulointerstitial causes
of CKD. Consequently, modifiable risk factors that are associated with a
progressive decline in kidney function need to be identified. Numerous reports
have documented the adverse effects that occur in response to graded exposure to
a wide range of environmental chemicals. This Review summarizes the effects of
such chemicals on four aspects of cardiorenal function: albuminuria, glomerular
filtration rate, blood pressure and serum uric acid concentration. We focus on
compounds that individuals are likely to be exposed to as a consequence of normal
consumer activities or medical treatment, namely phthalates, bisphenol A,
polyfluorinated alkyl acids, dioxins and furans, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
and polychlorinated biphenyls. Environmental exposure to these chemicals during
everyday life could have adverse consequences on renal function and might
contribute to progressive cumulative renal injury over a lifetime. Regulatory
efforts should be made to limit individual exposure to environmental chemicals in
an attempt to reduce the incidence of cardiorenal disease.