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2013 ; 587
(13
): 2008-17
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The cell stress machinery and retinal degeneration
#MMPMID23684651
Athanasiou D
; Aguilą M
; Bevilacqua D
; Novoselov SS
; Parfitt DA
; Cheetham ME
FEBS Lett
2013[Jun]; 587
(13
): 2008-17
PMID23684651
show ga
Retinal degenerations are a group of clinically and genetically heterogeneous
disorders characterised by progressive loss of vision due to neurodegeneration.
The retina is a highly specialised tissue with a unique architecture and
maintaining homeostasis in all the different retinal cell types is crucial for
healthy vision. The retina can be exposed to a variety of environmental insults
and stress, including light-induced damage, oxidative stress and inherited
mutations that can lead to protein misfolding. Within retinal cells there are
different mechanisms to cope with disturbances in proteostasis, such as the heat
shock response, the unfolded protein response and autophagy. In this review, we
discuss the multiple responses of the retina to different types of stress
involved in retinal degenerations, such as retinitis pigmentosa, age-related
macular degeneration and glaucoma. Understanding the mechanisms that maintain and
re-establish proteostasis in the retina is important for developing new
therapeutic approaches to fight blindness.