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2014 ; 38
(6
): 1172-201
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The bacterial translation stress response
#MMPMID25135187
Starosta AL
; Lassak J
; Jung K
; Wilson DN
FEMS Microbiol Rev
2014[Nov]; 38
(6
): 1172-201
PMID25135187
show ga
Throughout their life, bacteria need to sense and respond to environmental
stress. Thus, such stress responses can require dramatic cellular reprogramming,
both at the transcriptional as well as the translational level. This review
focuses on the protein factors that interact with the bacterial translational
apparatus to respond to and cope with different types of environmental stress.
For example, the stringent factor RelA interacts with the ribosome to generate
ppGpp under nutrient deprivation, whereas a variety of factors have been
identified that bind to the ribosome under unfavorable growth conditions to
shut-down (RelE, pY, RMF, HPF and EttA) or re-program (MazF, EF4 and BipA)
translation. Additional factors have been identified that rescue ribosomes
stalled due to stress-induced mRNA truncation (tmRNA, ArfA, ArfB), translation of
unfavorable protein sequences (EF-P), heat shock-induced subunit dissociation
(Hsp15), or antibiotic inhibition (TetM, FusB). Understanding the mechanism of
how the bacterial cell responds to stress will not only provide fundamental
insight into translation regulation, but will also be an important step to
identifying new targets for the development of novel antimicrobial agents.
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