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2017 ; 30
(1
): 24-29
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The airway in inhalational injury: diagnosis and management
#MMPMID28592930
Sabri A
; Dabbous H
; Dowli A
; Barazi R
Ann Burns Fire Disasters
2017[Mar]; 30
(1
): 24-29
PMID28592930
show ga
It is estimated that 13.000 to 22.000 individuals suffer from inhalational burns
each year in the United States alone. Despite these high numbers, inhalational
burns remain a major challenge to otolaryngologists. In this paper, a review of
literature is presented in order to provide otolaryngologists with a systematic
approach to patients with inhalational burns to optimize treatment, cost,
morbidity and, most importantly, mortality. For this purpose, a broad PubMed
search was conducted. The available literature was found to highlight the
importance of airway management in terms of the timing of intubation, method of
intubation, trachea-esophageal (TE) fistula formation and TE rupture. It also
emphasizes the importance of carbon monoxide intoxication and prompt correction.
Drugs such as heparin sulfate, N-acetylcysteine and albuterol have been proven to
help in the treatment of patients with inhalational burns, and more research is
currently underway with the purpose of developing chelating drugs that scavenge
the toxic substances in the smoke before they can damage the airway.