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2016 ; 7
(ä): 385
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The Role of Hydrogen Sulfide in Renal System
#MMPMID27803669
Cao X
; Bian JS
Front Pharmacol
2016[]; 7
(ä): 385
PMID27803669
show ga
Hydrogen sulfide has gained recognition as the third gaseous signaling molecule
after nitric oxide and carbon monoxide. This review surveys the emerging role of
H(2)S in mammalian renal system, with emphasis on both renal physiology and
diseases. H(2)S is produced redundantly by four pathways in kidney, indicating
the abundance of this gaseous molecule in the organ. In physiological conditions,
H(2)S was found to regulate the excretory function of the kidney possibly by the
inhibitory effect on sodium transporters on renal tubular cells. Likewise, it
also influences the release of renin from juxtaglomerular cells and thereby
modulates blood pressure. A possible role of H(2)S as an oxygen sensor has also
been discussed, especially at renal medulla. Alternation of H(2)S level has been
implicated in various pathological conditions such as renal ischemia/reperfusion,
obstructive nephropathy, diabetic nephropathy, and hypertensive nephropathy.
Moreover, H(2)S donors exhibit broad beneficial effects in renal diseases
although a few conflicts need to be resolved. Further research reveals that
multiple mechanisms are underlying the protective effects of H(2)S, including
anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation, and anti-apoptosis. In the review, several
research directions are also proposed including the role of mitochondrial H(2)S
in renal diseases, H(2)S delivery to kidney by targeting D-amino acid
oxidase/3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (DAO/3-MST) pathway, effect of
drug-like H(2)S donors in kidney diseases and understanding the molecular
mechanism of H(2)S. The completion of the studies in these directions will not
only improves our understanding of renal H(2)S functions but may also be critical
to translate H(2)S to be a new therapy for renal diseases.