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2016 ; 8
(3
): 135
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The Non-Genomic Actions of Vitamin D
#MMPMID26950144
Hii CS
; Ferrante A
Nutrients
2016[Mar]; 8
(3
): 135
PMID26950144
show ga
Since its discovery in 1920, a great deal of effort has gone into investigating
the physiological actions of vitamin D and the impact its deficiency has on human
health. Despite this intense interest, there is still disagreement on what
constitutes the lower boundary of adequacy and on the Recommended Dietary
Allowance. There has also been a major push to elucidate the biochemistry of
vitamin D, its metabolic pathways and the mechanisms that mediate its action.
Originally thought to act by altering the expression of target genes, it was
realized in the mid-1980s that some of the actions of vitamin D were too rapid to
be accounted for by changes at the genomic level. These rapid non-genomic actions
have attracted as much interest as the genomic actions and they have spawned
additional questions in an already busy field. This mini-review attempts to
summarise the in vitro and in vivo work that has been conducted to characterise
the rapid non-genomic actions, the mechanisms that give rise to these properties
and the roles that these play in the overall action of vitamin D at the cellular
level. Understanding the effects of vitamin D at the cellular level should enable
the design of elegant human studies to extract the full potential of vitamin D to
benefit human health.
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