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2018 ; 115
(7
): 106-111
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The Interdisciplinary Diagnosis and Treatment of Intraocular Tumors
#MMPMID29510820
Bornfeld N
; Biewald E
; Bauer S
; Temming P
; Lohmann D
; Zeschnigk M
Dtsch Arztebl Int
2018[Feb]; 115
(7
): 106-111
PMID29510820
show ga
BACKGROUND: Recent years have seen major changes in the diagnosis and treatment
of solid intraocular tumors, mainly owing to an improved molecular biological
understanding of their pathogenesis, new therapeutic approaches for the local
treatment of tumors in children, and long-term follow-up observations in clinical
trials. METHODS: This review is based on pertinent publications retrieved by a
selective search in PubMed. RESULTS: Retinoblastoma is the most common type of
primary intraocular tumor, with approximately 8000 new cases per year around the
world, while malignant melanoma of the uvea is the most common primary
intraocular tumor in adults, with approximately 7000 new cases per year around
the world. Intraocular metastases of malignant tumors are ten times more common,
in terms of incidence, than primary intraocular tumors and are therefore the most
common intraocular tumors overall. Improved methods of intraocular biopsy,
diagnostic imaging, and molecular genetic investigation have led to steady
improvement in clinical and predictive diagnostic assessment. In the treatment of
retinoblastoma, local techniques including brachytherapy and intra-arterial and
intravitreal chemotherapy play a prominent role. Prognostic molecular-genetic
testing now enables the highly selective identification of uveal melanomas that
have a high potential to metastasize. Cutaneous and uveal melanomas differ both
in their clinical behavior and in their basic biological features; to date,
effective systemic treatment has been established for melanoma of the skin, but
not for metastatic melanoma of the uvea. Intraocular metastases are common and
often the initial manifestation of an extraocular tumor, particularly lung
cancer. CONCLUSION: Modern diagnostic and therapeutic concepts for intraocular
tumors can only be implemented through the close interdisciplinary collaboration
of ophthal - mologists, oncologists, radiologists, radiotherapists, pathologists,
and human geneticists.
|Adult
[MESH]
|Antineoplastic Agents/administration & dosage/therapeutic use
[MESH]