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2015 ; 2015
(ä): 347270
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The Hematopoietic Niche in Myeloproliferative Neoplasms
#MMPMID26696752
Schmitt-Graeff AH
; Nitschke R
; Zeiser R
Mediators Inflamm
2015[]; 2015
(ä): 347270
PMID26696752
show ga
Specialized microanatomical areas of the bone marrow provide the signals that are
mandatory for the maintenance and regulation of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs)
and progenitor cells. A complex microenvironment adjacent to the marrow
vasculature (vascular niche) and close to the endosteum (endosteal niche) harbors
multiple cell types including mesenchymal stromal cells and their derivatives
such as CAR cells expressing high levels of chemokines C-X-C motif ligand 12 and
early osteoblastic lineage cells, endothelial cells, and megakaryocytes. The
characterization of the cellular and molecular networks operating in the HSC
niche has opened new perspectives for the understanding of the bidirectional
cross-talk between HSCs and stromal cell populations in normal and malignant
conditions. A structural and functional remodeling of the niche may contribute to
the development of myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN). Malignant HSCs may alter
the function and survival of MSCs that do not belong to the neoplastic clone. For
example, a regression of nestin(+) MSCs by apoptosis has been attributed to
neuroglial damage in MPN. Nonneoplastic MSCs in turn can promote aggressiveness
and drug resistance of malignant cells. In the future, strategies to counteract
the pathological interaction between the niche and neoplastic HSCs may offer
additional treatment strategies for MPN patients.