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2015 ; 9
(Suppl 4
): 11-20
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The Genetic Architecture of Domestication in Animals
#MMPMID26512200
Wright D
Bioinform Biol Insights
2015[]; 9
(Suppl 4
): 11-20
PMID26512200
show ga
Domestication has been essential to the progress of human civilization, and the
process itself has fascinated biologists for hundreds of years. Domestication has
led to a series of remarkable changes in a variety of plants and animals, in what
is termed the "domestication phenotype." In domesticated animals, this general
phenotype typically consists of similar changes in tameness, behavior,
size/morphology, color, brain composition, and adrenal gland size. This
domestication phenotype is seen in a range of different animals. However, the
genetic basis of these associated changes is still puzzling. The genes for these
different traits tend to be grouped together in clusters in the genome, though it
is still not clear whether these clusters represent pleiotropic effects, or are
in fact linked clusters. This review focuses on what is currently known about the
genetic architecture of domesticated animal species, if genes of large effect
(often referred to as major genes) are prevalent in driving the domestication
phenotype, and whether pleiotropy can explain the loci underpinning these diverse
traits being colocated.