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2016 ; 138
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): ä Nephropedia Template TP
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The Fecal Microbiota Profile and Bronchiolitis in Infants
#MMPMID27354456
Hasegawa K
; Linnemann RW
; Mansbach JM
; Ajami NJ
; Espinola JA
; Petrosino JF
; Piedra PA
; Stevenson MD
; Sullivan AF
; Thompson AD
; Camargo CA Jr
Pediatrics
2016[Jul]; 138
(1
): ä PMID27354456
show ga
BACKGROUND: Little is known about the association of gut microbiota, a
potentially modifiable factor, with bronchiolitis in infants. We aimed to
determine the association of fecal microbiota with bronchiolitis in infants.
METHODS: We conducted a case-control study. As a part of multicenter prospective
study, we collected stool samples from 40 infants hospitalized with
bronchiolitis. We concurrently enrolled 115 age-matched healthy controls. By
applying 16S rRNA gene sequencing and an unbiased clustering approach to these
155 fecal samples, we identified microbiota profiles and determined the
association of microbiota profiles with likelihood of bronchiolitis. RESULTS:
Overall, the median age was 3 months, 55% were male, and 54% were non-Hispanic
white. Unbiased clustering of fecal microbiota identified 4 distinct profiles:
Escherichia-dominant profile (30%), Bifidobacterium-dominant profile (21%),
Enterobacter/Veillonella-dominant profile (22%), and Bacteroides-dominant profile
(28%). The proportion of bronchiolitis was lowest in infants with the
Enterobacter/Veillonella-dominant profile (15%) and highest in the
Bacteroides-dominant profile (44%), corresponding to an odds ratio of 4.59 (95%
confidence interval, 1.58-15.5; P = .008). In the multivariable model, the
significant association between the Bacteroides-dominant profile and a greater
likelihood of bronchiolitis persisted (odds ratio for comparison with the
Enterobacter/Veillonella-dominant profile, 4.24; 95% confidence interval,
1.56-12.0; P = .005). In contrast, the likelihood of bronchiolitis in infants
with the Escherichia-dominant or Bifidobacterium-dominant profile was not
significantly different compared with those with the
Enterobacter/Veillonella-dominant profile. CONCLUSIONS: In this case-control
study, we identified 4 distinct fecal microbiota profiles in infants. The
Bacteroides-dominant profile was associated with a higher likelihood of
bronchiolitis.