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2016 ; 6
(1
): ä Nephropedia Template TP
gab.com Text
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English Wikipedia
The Evolution of the Classification of Psychiatric Disorders
#MMPMID26797641
Surís A
; Holliday R
; North CS
Behav Sci (Basel)
2016[Jan]; 6
(1
): ä PMID26797641
show ga
This article traces the history of classification systems for mental illness and
then reviews the history of the American diagnostic system for mental disorders.
The steps leading up to each publication of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual
(DSM) are described including leaders, timelines, pre-publication meetings, and
field trials. Important changes in the purpose of the manuals are described with
a focus on events leading to the manual's third edition (DSM-III), which
represented a paradigm shift in how we think about, and use, the classification
system for mental illness. For the first time, DSM-III emphasized
empirically-based, atheoretical and agnostic diagnostic criteria. New criticisms
of the DSM-III and subsequent editions have arisen with a call for a new paradigm
shift to replace diagnostic categories with continuous dimensional systems of
classification, returning to etiologically-based definitions and incorporating
findings from neurobiological science into systems of diagnosis. In the
foreseeable future, however, psychiatric diagnosis must continue to be
accomplished by taking a history and assessing the currently established
criteria. This is necessary for communication about diseases and education of
clinicians and scientists in medical fields, as well as advancement of research
needed to further advance the diagnostic criteria of psychiatry.