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10.1371/journal.pgen.1005687 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1371/journal.pgen.1005687 C4675516!4675516!26658668     free     free     free Warning: imagejpeg(C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\phplern\26658668.jpg): Failed to open stream: No such file or directory in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 117       PLoS+Genet 2015 ; 11 (12): ä Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=26658668|t=2015. The Epitranscriptome and Innate Immunity |pdf=|usr=}}{{26658668}} gab.com Text The Epitranscriptome and Innate Immunity JO: PLoS Genet http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=26658668 #FOAvip Our knowledge of the variety and abundances of RNA base modifications is rapidly increasing. Modified bases have critical roles in tRNAs, rRNAs, translation, splicing, RNA interference, and other RNA processes, and are now increasingly detected in all types of transcripts. Can new biological principles associated with this diversity of RNA modifications, particularly in mRNAs and long non-coding RNAs, be identified? This review will explore this question by focusing primarily on adenosine to inosine (A-to-I) RNA editing by the adenine deaminase acting on RNA (ADAR) enzymes that have been intensively studied for the past 20 years and have a wide range of effects. Over 100 million adenosine to inosine editing sites have been identified in the human transcriptome, mostly in embedded Alu sequences that form potentially innate immune-stimulating dsRNA hairpins in transcripts. Recent research has demonstrated that inosine in the epitranscriptome and ADAR1 protein establish innate immune tolerance for host dsRNA formed by endogenous sequences. Innate immune sensors that detect viral nucleic acids are among the readers of epitranscriptome RNA modifications, though this does preclude a wide range of other modification effects. Twit Text FOAVip The Epitranscriptome and Innate Immunity ????PLoS Genet http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=26658668 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=26658668 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|26658668}}</ref> The Epitranscriptome and Innate Immunity #MMPMID26658668 O?Connell MA; Mannion NM; Keegan LP PLoS Genet 2015[Dec]; 11 (12): ä PMID26658668show ga Our knowledge of the variety and abundances of RNA base modifications is rapidly increasing. Modified bases have critical roles in tRNAs, rRNAs, translation, splicing, RNA interference, and other RNA processes, and are now increasingly detected in all types of transcripts. Can new biological principles associated with this diversity of RNA modifications, particularly in mRNAs and long non-coding RNAs, be identified? This review will explore this question by focusing primarily on adenosine to inosine (A-to-I) RNA editing by the adenine deaminase acting on RNA (ADAR) enzymes that have been intensively studied for the past 20 years and have a wide range of effects. Over 100 million adenosine to inosine editing sites have been identified in the human transcriptome, mostly in embedded Alu sequences that form potentially innate immune-stimulating dsRNA hairpins in transcripts. Recent research has demonstrated that inosine in the epitranscriptome and ADAR1 protein establish innate immune tolerance for host dsRNA formed by endogenous sequences. Innate immune sensors that detect viral nucleic acids are among the readers of epitranscriptome RNA modifications, though this does preclude a wide range of other modification effects. äThe Epitranscriptome and Innate Immunity (epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing