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2017 ; 235
(5
): 1455-1465
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The Cognitive Role of the Globus Pallidus interna; Insights from Disease States
#MMPMID28246967
Gillies MJ
; Hyam JA
; Weiss AR
; Antoniades CA
; Bogacz R
; Fitzgerald JJ
; Aziz TZ
; Whittington MA
; Green AL
Exp Brain Res
2017[May]; 235
(5
): 1455-1465
PMID28246967
show ga
The motor symptoms of both Parkinson's disease and focal dystonia arise from
dysfunction of the basal ganglia, and are improved by pallidotomy or deep brain
stimulation of the Globus Pallidus interna (GPi). However, Parkinson's disease is
associated with a greater degree of basal ganglia-dependent learning impairment
than dystonia. We attempt to understand this observation in terms of a comparison
of the electrophysiology of the output of the basal ganglia between the two
conditions. We use the natural experiment offered by Deep Brain Stimulation to
compare GPi local field potential responses in subjects with Parkinson's disease
compared to subjects with dystonia performing a forced-choice decision-making
task with sensory feedback. In dystonic subjects, we found that auditory feedback
was associated with the presence of high gamma oscillations nestled on a negative
deflection, morphologically similar to sharp wave ripple complexes described in
human rhinal cortex. These were not present in Parkinson's disease subjects. The
temporal properties of the high gamma burst were modified by incorrect trial
performance compared to correct trial performance. Both groups exhibited a robust
low frequency response to 'incorrect' trial performance in dominant GPi but not
non-dominant GPi at theta frequency. Our results suggest that cellular processes
associated with striatum-dependent memory function may be selectively impaired in
Parkinson's disease even if dopaminergic drugs are administered, but that error
detection mechanisms are preserved.