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2016 ; 11
(9
): e0162842
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The 9aaTAD Transactivation Domains: From Gal4 to p53
#MMPMID27618436
Piskacek M
; Havelka M
; Rezacova M
; Knight A
PLoS One
2016[]; 11
(9
): e0162842
PMID27618436
show ga
The family of the Nine amino acid Transactivation Domain, 9aaTAD family,
comprises currently over 40 members. The 9aaTAD domains are universally
recognized by the transcriptional machinery from yeast to man. We had identified
the 9aaTAD domains in the p53, Msn2, Pdr1 and B42 activators by our prediction
algorithm. In this study, their competence to activate transcription as small
peptides was proven. Not surprisingly, we elicited immense 9aaTAD divergence in
hundreds of identified orthologs and numerous examples of the 9aaTAD species'
convergence. We found unforeseen similarity of the mammalian p53 with yeast Gal4
9aaTAD domains. Furthermore, we identified artificial 9aaTAD domains generated
accidentally by others. From an evolutionary perspective, the observed easiness
to generate 9aaTAD transactivation domains indicates the natural advantage for
spontaneous generation of transcription factors from DNA binding precursors.