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2016 ; 7
(8
): ä Nephropedia Template TP
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Telomerase: The Devil Inside
#MMPMID27483324
Kumar M
; Lechel A
; Güne? Ç
Genes (Basel)
2016[Jul]; 7
(8
): ä PMID27483324
show ga
High telomerase activity is detected in nearly all human cancers but most human
cells are devoid of telomerase activity. There is well-documented evidence that
reactivation of telomerase occurs during cellular transformation. In humans,
tumors can rely in reactivation of telomerase or originate in a telomerase
positive stem/progenitor cell, or rely in alternative lengthening of telomeres, a
telomerase-independent telomere-length maintenance mechanism. In this review, we
will focus on the telomerase positive tumors. In this context, the recent
findings that telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) promoter mutations
represent the most common non-coding mutations in human cancer have flared up the
long-standing discussion whether cancer originates from telomerase positive stem
cells or telomerase reactivation is a final step in cellular transformation.
Here, we will discuss the pros and cons of both concepts in the context of
telomere length-dependent and telomere length-independent functions of
telomerase. Together, these observations may provoke a re-evaluation of telomere
and telomerase based therapies, both in telomerase inhibition for cancer therapy
and telomerase activation for tissue regeneration and anti-ageing strategies.
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