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2016 ; 11
(8
): 773-86
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Targeting Protein-Protein Interactions in the HIF System
#MMPMID26997519
Wilkins SE
; Abboud MI
; Hancock RL
; Schofield CJ
ChemMedChem
2016[Apr]; 11
(8
): 773-86
PMID26997519
show ga
Animals respond to chronic hypoxia by increasing the levels of a transcription
factor known as the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF). HIF upregulates multiple
genes, the products of which work to ameliorate the effects of limited oxygen at
cellular and systemic levels. Hypoxia sensing by the HIF system involves
hydroxylase-catalysed post-translational modifications of the HIF ?-subunits,
which 1)?signal for degradation of HIF-? and 2)?limit binding of HIF to
transcriptional coactivator proteins. Because the hypoxic response is relevant to
multiple disease states, therapeutic manipulation of the HIF-mediated response
has considerable medicinal potential. In addition to modulation of catalysis by
the HIF hydroxylases, the HIF system manifests other possibilities for
therapeutic intervention involving protein-protein and protein-nucleic acid
interactions. Recent advances in our understanding of the structural biology and
biochemistry of the HIF system are facilitating medicinal chemistry efforts.
Herein we give an overview of the HIF system, focusing on structural knowledge of
protein-protein interactions and how this might be used to modulate the hypoxic
response for therapeutic benefit.