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2018 ; 19
(6
): ä Nephropedia Template TP
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English Wikipedia
TSPO: An Evolutionarily Conserved Protein with Elusive Functions
#MMPMID29875327
Bonsack F
; Sukumari-Ramesh S
Int J Mol Sci
2018[Jun]; 19
(6
): ä PMID29875327
show ga
TSPO (18 kDa translocator protein) was identified decades ago in a search for
peripheral tissue binding sites for benzodiazepines, and was formerly called the
peripheral benzodiazepine receptor. TSPO is a conserved protein throughout
evolution and it is implicated in the regulation of many cellular processes,
including inflammatory responses, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial
homeostasis. TSPO, apart from its broad expression in peripheral tissues, is
highly expressed in neuroinflammatory cells, such as activated microglia. In
addition, emerging studies employing the ligands of TSPO suggest that TSPO plays
an important role in neuropathological settings as a biomarker and therapeutic
target. However, the precise molecular function of this protein in normal
physiology and neuropathology remains enigmatic. This review provides an overview
of recent advances in our understanding of this multifaceted molecule and
identifies the knowledge gap in the field for future functional studies.
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