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2013 ; 75
(ä): 181-200
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TRPA1: A gatekeeper for inflammation
#MMPMID23020579
Bautista DM
; Pellegrino M
; Tsunozaki M
Annu Rev Physiol
2013[]; 75
(ä): 181-200
PMID23020579
show ga
Tissue damage evokes an inflammatory response that promotes the removal of
harmful stimuli, tissue repair, and protective behaviors to prevent further
damage and encourage healing. However, inflammation may outlive its usefulness
and become chronic. Chronic inflammation can lead to a host of diseases,
including asthma, itch, rheumatoid arthritis, and colitis. Primary afferent
sensory neurons that innervate target organs release inflammatory neuropeptides
in the local area of tissue damage to promote vascular leakage, the recruitment
of immune cells, and hypersensitivity to mechanical and thermal stimuli. TRPA1
channels are required for neuronal excitation, the release of inflammatory
neuropeptides, and subsequent pain hypersensitivity. TRPA1 is also activated by
the release of inflammatory agents from nonneuronal cells in the area of tissue
injury or disease. This dual function of TRPA1 as a detector and instigator of
inflammatory agents makes TRPA1 a gatekeeper of chronic inflammatory disorders of
the skin, airways, and gastrointestinal tract.
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