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2014 ; 9
(8
): e105713
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TLR ligands induce antiviral responses in chicken macrophages
#MMPMID25165812
Barjesteh N
; Behboudi S
; Brisbin JT
; Villanueva AI
; Nagy E
; Sharif S
PLoS One
2014[]; 9
(8
): e105713
PMID25165812
show ga
Chicken macrophages express several receptors for recognition of pathogens,
including Toll-like receptors (TLRs). TLRs bind to pathogen-associated molecular
patterns (PAMPs) derived from bacterial or viral pathogens leading to the
activation of macrophages. Macrophages play a critical role in immunity against
viruses, including influenza viruses. The present study was designed to test the
hypothesis that treatment of chicken macrophages with TLR ligands reduces avian
influenza replication. Furthermore, we sought to study the expression of some of
the key mediators involved in the TLR-mediated antiviral responses of
macrophages. Chicken macrophages were treated with the TLR2, 3, 4, 7 and 21
ligands, Pam3CSK4, poly(I:C), LPS, R848 and CpG ODN, respectively, at different
doses and time points pre- and post-H4N6 avian influenza virus (AIV) infection.
The results revealed that pre-treatment of macrophages with Pam3CSK4, LPS and CpG
ODN reduced the replication of AIV in chicken macrophages. In addition, the
relative expression of genes involved in inflammatory and antiviral responses
were quantified at 3, 8 and 18 hours post-treatment with the TLR2, 4 and 21
ligands. Pam3CSK4, LPS and CpG ODN increased the expression of interleukin
(IL)-1?, interferon (IFN)-?, IFN-? and interferon regulatory factor (IFR) 7. The
expression of these genes correlated with the reduction of viral replication in
macrophages. These results shed light on the process of immunity to AIV in
chickens.
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