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2015 ; 22
(ä): 85
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T cells and reactive oxygen species
#MMPMID26471060
Belikov AV
; Schraven B
; Simeoni L
J Biomed Sci
2015[Oct]; 22
(ä): 85
PMID26471060
show ga
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been long considered simply as harmful
by-products of metabolism, which damage cellular proteins, lipids, and nucleic
acids. ROS are also known as a weapon of phagocytes, employed against pathogens
invading the host. However, during the last decade, an understanding has emerged
that ROS also have important roles as signaling messengers in a multitude of
pathways, in all cells, tissues, and organs. T lymphocytes are the key players of
the adaptive immune response, which both coordinate other immune cells and
destroy malignant and virus-infected cells. ROS have been extensively implicated
in T-cell hyporesponsiveness, apoptosis, and activation. It has also become
evident that the source, the kinetics, and the localization of ROS production all
influence cell responses. Thus, the characterization of the precise mechanisms by
which ROS are involved in the regulation of T-cell functions is important for our
understanding of the immune response and for the development of new therapeutic
treatments against immune-mediated diseases. This review summarizes the
30-year-long history of research on ROS in T lymphocytes, with the emphasis on
the physiological roles of ROS.
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