Warning: file_get_contents(https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&id=26901192
&cmd=llinks): Failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! HTTP/1.1 429 Too Many Requests
in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 215
Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 211.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534
Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 211.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534
Warning: imagejpeg(C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\phplern\26901192
.jpg): Failed to open stream: No such file or directory in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 117 Int+J+Mol+Sci
2016 ; 17
(2
): 246
Nephropedia Template TP
gab.com Text
Twit Text FOAVip
Twit Text #
English Wikipedia
Systems Pharmacology in Small Molecular Drug Discovery
#MMPMID26901192
Zhou W
; Wang Y
; Lu A
; Zhang G
Int J Mol Sci
2016[Feb]; 17
(2
): 246
PMID26901192
show ga
Drug discovery is a risky, costly and time-consuming process depending on
multidisciplinary methods to create safe and effective medicines. Although
considerable progress has been made by high-throughput screening methods in drug
design, the cost of developing contemporary approved drugs did not match that in
the past decade. The major reason is the late-stage clinical failures in Phases
II and III because of the complicated interactions between drug-specific, human
body and environmental aspects affecting the safety and efficacy of a drug. There
is a growing hope that systems-level consideration may provide a new perspective
to overcome such current difficulties of drug discovery and development. The
systems pharmacology method emerged as a holistic approach and has attracted more
and more attention recently. The applications of systems pharmacology not only
provide the pharmacodynamic evaluation and target identification of drug
molecules, but also give a systems-level of understanding the interaction
mechanism between drugs and complex disease. Therefore, the present review is an
attempt to introduce how holistic systems pharmacology that integrated in silico
ADME/T (i.e., absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity),
target fishing and network pharmacology facilitates the discovery of small
molecular drugs at the system level.