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2013 ; 82
(ä): 745-74
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Systemic amyloidoses
#MMPMID23451869
Blancas-Mejía LM
; Ramirez-Alvarado M
Annu Rev Biochem
2013[]; 82
(ä): 745-74
PMID23451869
show ga
The amyloidoses are a group of protein misfolding diseases in which the precursor
protein undergoes a conformational change that triggers the formation of amyloid
fibrils in different tissues and organs, causing cell death and organ failure.
Amyloidoses can be either localized or systemic. In localized amyloidosis,
amyloid deposits form at the site of precursor protein synthesis, whereas in
systemic amyloidosis, amyloid deposition occurs distant from the site of
precursor protein secretion. We review the type of proteins and cells involved
and what is known about the complex pathophysiology of these diseases. We focus
on light chain amyloidosis to illustrate how biochemical and biophysical studies
have led to a deeper understanding of the pathogenesis of this devastating
disease. We also review current cellular, tissue, and animal models and discuss
the challenges and opportunities for future studies of the systemic amyloidoses.