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Surveillance for occupational respiratory diseases in developing countries
#MMPMID26024351
Antao VC
; Pinheiro GA
Semin Respir Crit Care Med
2015[Jun]; 36
(3
): 449-54
PMID26024351
show ga
The burden of chronic diseases, including occupational respiratory diseases
(ORDs), is increasing worldwide. Nevertheless, epidemiological data on these
conditions are scarce in most countries. Therefore, it is important to conduct
surveillance to monitor ORDs, particularly in developing countries, where the
working population is especially vulnerable and the health system infrastructure
is usually weak. This article provides a general framework for the implementation
of ORD surveillance in developing countries. The main objectives of surveillance
are to describe incidence and prevalence of ORDs, as well as to identify sentinel
events and new associations between occupational exposures and health outcomes.
Diseases with high morbidity and mortality and those in which early diagnosis
with standardized tests are available are especially suitable for surveillance
activities. Simple strategies, preferably using existing resources and
technology, are the best option for surveillance in developing countries. This
article offers examples of specific surveillance systems that are in place in
Brazil, China, Cuba, India, and South Africa.
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