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2015 ; 36
(9
): 519-26
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Super-enhancers: Asset management in immune cell genomes
#MMPMID26277449
Witte S
; O'Shea JJ
; Vahedi G
Trends Immunol
2015[Sep]; 36
(9
): 519-26
PMID26277449
show ga
Super-enhancers (SEs) are regions of the genome consisting of clusters of
regulatory elements bound with very high amounts of transcription factors, and
this architecture appears to be the hallmark of genes and noncoding RNAs linked
with cell identity. Recent studies have identified SEs in CD4(+) T cells and have
further linked these regions to single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated
with immune-mediated disorders, pointing to an important role for these
structures in the T cell differentiation and function. Here we review the
features that define SEs, and discuss their function within the broader
understanding of the mechanisms that define immune cell identity and function. We
propose that SEs present crucial regulatory hubs, coordinating intrinsic and
extrinsic differentiation signals, and argue that delineating these regions will
provide important insight into the factors and mechanisms that define immune cell
identity.
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