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2016 ; 26
(4
): 441-56
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Substrate specificity of the ubiquitin and Ubl proteases
#MMPMID27012468
Ronau JA
; Beckmann JF
; Hochstrasser M
Cell Res
2016[Apr]; 26
(4
): 441-56
PMID27012468
show ga
Conjugation and deconjugation of ubiquitin and ubiquitin-like proteins (Ubls) to
cellular proteins are highly regulated processes integral to cellular
homeostasis. Most often, the C-termini of these small polypeptides are attached
to lysine side chains of target proteins by an amide (isopeptide) linkage.
Deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) and Ubl-specific proteases (ULPs) comprise a
diverse group of proteases that recognize and remove ubiquitin and Ubls from
their substrates. How DUBs and ULPs distinguish among different modifiers, or
different polymeric forms of these modifiers, remains poorly understood. The
specificity of ubiquitin/Ubl-deconjugating enzymes for particular substrates
depends on multiple factors, ranging from the topography of specific substrate
features, as in different polyubiquitin chain types, to structural elements
unique to each enzyme. Here we summarize recent structural and biochemical
studies that provide insights into mechanisms of substrate specificity among
various DUBs and ULPs. We also discuss the unexpected specificities of
non-eukaryotic proteases in these families.