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2011 ; 2
(1
): 26-40
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Structure and function of interleukin-17 family cytokines
#MMPMID21337007
Zhang X
; Angkasekwinai P
; Dong C
; Tang H
Protein Cell
2011[Jan]; 2
(1
): 26-40
PMID21337007
show ga
The recently identified interleukin-17 (IL-17) cytokines family, which comprises
six members in mammals (IL-17A-F), plays essential roles in the host immunity
against infectious diseases and chronic inflammatory diseases. The
three-dimensional structures containing IL-17A or IL-17F have become available
and revealed the unique structural features of IL-17s as well as their receptors.
Molecular modeling in this review shows that IL-17s may adopt a "cysteine knot"
fold commonly seen in nerve growth factor (NGF) and other neurotrophins. Further
modeling analysis unmasks a signature interaction feature of the IL-17F/IL-17RA
complex, where a small loop of IL-17RA slots into the deep groove of the
interface of IL-17F homodimer. This is quite different from the interaction
between the best known four-helix cytokines and their cognate receptors. On the
other hand, structure of IL-17A and its monoclonal antibody (CAT-2200) shows
that, albeit that the antigenic epitope of IL-17A resides outside of the IL-17A
homodimer interface, its physical proximity to the receptor binding groove may
explain that antibody blockage would be achieved by interfering with the
ligand-receptor interaction. This review is to summarize the advance in
understanding the structure and function of IL-17 family cytokines, focusing
mainly on IL-17A, IL-17F and IL-17E, in the hope of gaining better knowledge of
immunotherapeutic strategies against various inflammatory diseases.