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2016 ; 582
(2
): 112-21
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Structure, expression and functions of MTA genes
#MMPMID26869315
Kumar R
; Wang RA
Gene
2016[May]; 582
(2
): 112-21
PMID26869315
show ga
Metastatic associated proteins (MTA) are integrators of upstream regulatory
signals with the ability to act as master coregulators for modifying gene
transcriptional activity. The MTA family includes three genes and multiple
alternatively spliced variants. The MTA proteins neither have their own enzymatic
activity nor have been shown to directly interact with DNA. However, MTA proteins
interact with a variety of chromatin remodeling factors and complexes with
enzymatic activities for modulating the plasticity of nucleosomes, leading to the
repression or derepression of target genes or other extra-nuclear and nucleosome
remodeling and histone deacetylase (NuRD)-complex independent activities. The
functions of MTA family members are driven by the steady state levels and
subcellular localization of MTA proteins, the dynamic nature of modifying signals
and enzymes, the structural features and post-translational modification of
protein domains, interactions with binding proteins, and the nature of the
engaged and resulting features of nucleosomes in the proximity of target genes.
In general, MTA1 and MTA2 are the most upregulated genes in human cancer and
correlate well with aggressive phenotypes, therapeutic resistance, poor prognosis
and ultimately, unfavorable survival of cancer patients. Here we will discuss the
structure, expression and functions of the MTA family of genes in the context of
cancer cells.
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