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2016 ; 13
(124
): ä Nephropedia Template TP
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Stomatal design principles in synthetic and real leaves
#MMPMID27807270
Zwieniecki MA
; Haaning KS
; Boyce CK
; Jensen KH
J R Soc Interface
2016[Nov]; 13
(124
): ä PMID27807270
show ga
Stomata are portals in plant leaves that control gas exchange for photosynthesis,
a process fundamental to life on Earth. Gas fluxes and plant productivity depend
on external factors such as light, water and CO(2) availability and on the
geometrical properties of the stoma pores. The link between stoma geometry and
environmental factors has informed a wide range of scientific fields-from
agriculture to climate science, where observed variations in stoma size and
density are used to infer prehistoric atmospheric CO(2) content. However, the
physical mechanisms and design principles responsible for major trends in
stomatal patterning are not well understood. Here, we use a combination of
biomimetic experiments and theory to rationalize the observed changes in stoma
geometry. We show that the observed correlations between stoma size and density
are consistent with the hypothesis that plants favour efficient use of space and
maximum control of dynamic gas conductivity, and that the capacity for gas
exchange in plants has remained constant over at least the last 325 Myr. Our
analysis provides a new measure to gauge the relative performance of species
based on their stomatal characteristics.
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